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Downloading the ZIP archive for this tutorial. Github repository with link to ZIP archive used for this tutorial. As always, we recommend you exercise caution and follow steps from this tutorial in a non-Windows environment. Of note, the pcap contained in this ZIP archive provides access to a Windows-based malware sample when decrypted with the key log.
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Go to the Github page, click on the ZIP archive entry, then download it as shown in Figures 4 and 5. Example of a Pcap With a Key Log FileĪ password-protected ZIP archive containing the pcap and its key log file is available at this Github repository. If no such file was created when the pcap was recorded, you cannot decrypt HTTPS traffic in that pcap. These logs are created using a Man in the Middle (MitM) technique when the pcap is originally recorded. TCP stream of HTTPS traffic to and from server at Encryption Key Log FileĪn encryption key log is a text file. Following the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) stream from a pcap will not reveal the content of this traffic because it is encrypted. Unfortunately, we don’t know other details like the actual URL or data returned from the server.
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For example, when viewing in a web browser, a pcap would show as the server name for this traffic when viewed in a customized Wireshark column display. HTTPS traffic often reveals a domain name. Today most HTTPS traffic uses Transport Layer Security (TLS). These tunnels first used Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) as an encryption protocol. HTTPS is essentially an encrypted communications tunnel containing HTTP traffic. However, as security became an increasing concern, websites started switching to HTTPS, and now we rarely see HTTP traffic from web browsing. In the mid- to late-1990s, the most common protocol used by websites was Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which generated unencrypted web traffic.
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We recommend you review this pcap in a non-Windows environment like BSD, Linux or macOS if at all possible.
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There is a risk of infection if using a Windows computer. Warning: The pcap used for this tutorial contains Windows-based malware. Here is a Github repository with a ZIP archive containing the pcap and a key log file used for this tutorial. Note: Our instructions assume you have customized your Wireshark column display as previously described in “ Customizing Wireshark – Changing Your Column Display.”. Today, we will examine HTTPS activity from a Dridex malware infection. With this key log file, we can decrypt HTTPS activity in a pcap and review its contents. Decryption is possible with a text-based log containing encryption key data captured when the pcap was originally recorded.
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This Wireshark tutorial describes how to decrypt HTTPS traffic from a pcap in Wireshark. When reviewing pcaps from malware activity, it’s very helpful to know what’s contained within post-infection traffic. But like most websites, various types of malware also use HTTPS. Why? Because most websites use the Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) protocol. When reviewing suspicious network activity, we often run across encrypted traffic. The instructions assume you are familiar with Wireshark, and it focuses on Wireshark version 3.x. Tip: you can always use filter in Wireshark to just display the packets you want to see.This tutorial is designed for security professionals who investigate suspicious network activity and review packet captures (pcaps) of the traffic. You should use your own screenshot.ĭo you see any parallel connections your browser makes? If so, how many can you see in your screenshot? Again, use Wireshark to capture the traffic while you open up the page.Įxample screenshot below. Now, we will open a webpage with embeded objects (e.g., cnn.com which has a lot of images/videos embeded) in a browser. Example screenshot below.ĭescribe the TCP packets that you see, i.e., how each packet corresponds to TCP handshake, data transfer and closing connection steps. After the curl/wget is done, stop the capture in Wireshark. Warning: keep your other network activities to the minimum for a better experience, e.g., avoid streaming Netflix when capturing in Wireshark. Then you should be able to see packets flowing! Click the red square button on top to stop the capture. On the left side, select one (or more) interfaces that you want to capture from, then click “Start”. If you run into any problems, you can refer to for more detailed help.
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On Mac and Linux, you can also install from command line (homebrew/macports, yum install, apt-get install). You can find installation instructions here: We will use Wireshark, a network packet capture tool, to look at TCP packets when grabbing a webpage.
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